The Association of BMI, smoking, caffeine consumption and folic acid supplementation with hemoglobin levels in third trimester pregnant women in Erbil city

Background and Aim: Pregnancy induces some physiological changes in hemoglobin (Hb) level. In addition, multiple factors are influencing the Hb level such as dietary intake of iron folic acid before during pregnancy, smoking, amount caffeine consumption, body mass index (BMI) visiting prenatal health centers. The study aimed to determine percentage anemia among third trimester pregnant women relation these with anemia. Materials Methods: This cross sectional was conducted from October 2019 February 2020 on 288 aged (17- 48 years) various gestational ages (28 - 42weeks), who attended different primary centers Erbil city, Iraq. data were collected by face interview questioner designed. Their concentration measured testing peripheral venous blood their BMI pregnancy calculated using self-reported pre-pregnant weight height pregnancy. Data entered Microsoft Excel 2016 then analyzed statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 22. Results: results showed a significant relationship between supplementation, routine visits, smoking. No found Conclusion: concluded that more those not consuming smokers, coffee or tea after meals they did visit center routinely. Recommendations: Encourage do checkup, supplementation conceiving avoid smoking consumption.